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Science Practice

Science Practice Quiz

Build a rock-solid foundation in physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, and the scientific method. 46 questions across 5 categories — every answer comes with an explanation that deepens your understanding.

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Visual Study Guides

Quick-reference cards for the science concepts you will encounter again and again.

Physics Constants

cSpeed of Light3 × 10⁸ m/s

Maximum speed in the universe; electromagnetic waves in vacuum.

gGravity (Earth)9.8 m/s²

Acceleration due to Earth's gravity at the surface.

GGravitational Constant6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²

Used in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

hPlanck's Constant6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s

Relates a photon's energy to its frequency (E = hf).

NₐAvogadro's Number6.022 × 10²³ /mol

Number of particles in one mole of a substance.

eElementary Charge1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Charge of a single proton (or magnitude of an electron's charge).

kBBoltzmann Constant1.38 × 10⁻²³ J/K

Relates temperature to the average kinetic energy of particles.

c₀Speed of Sound (Air)~343 m/s

Speed of sound in air at 20°C — much slower than light.

Periodic Table Highlights

Alkali MetalsLi, Na, K, Rb, Cs

Soft, highly reactive metals. React vigorously with water to form hydroxides. +1 charge in compounds. Never found free in nature.

Alkaline Earth MetalsBe, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba

Harder and less reactive than alkali metals. +2 charge. Calcium builds bones and shells; magnesium is in chlorophyll.

Transition MetalsFe, Cu, Zn, Au, Ag, Pt

Good conductors with variable oxidation states. Include most everyday metals. Iron is in hemoglobin; copper wires conduct electricity.

HalogensF, Cl, Br, I, At

Highly reactive nonmetals. Form salts with metals. −1 charge in ionic compounds. Chlorine disinfects water; iodine is essential for thyroid function.

Noble GasesHe, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

Extremely unreactive (full outer electron shell). Used in lights and lasers. Helium is less dense than air; argon fills incandescent bulbs.

NonmetalsH, C, N, O, P, S

Poor conductors; form covalent compounds. Carbon is the basis of all organic chemistry and life. Oxygen is essential for respiration.

Period vs Group: Rows (periods) represent electron shells being filled. Columns (groups) share the same number of valence electrons — which drives similar chemical behavior.

Biology Key Organelles

⚡Mitochondria

Produces ATP via cellular respiration — the 'powerhouse of the cell'.

Found in: Both plant and animal cells
🧬Nucleus

Houses DNA and controls cell activity by directing protein synthesis.

Found in: Both (eukaryotes)
🔵Ribosome

Synthesizes proteins by translating mRNA sequences into amino acid chains.

Found in: All cells (prokaryotes too)
🛡️Cell Membrane

Selectively permeable barrier controlling what enters and exits the cell.

Found in: All cells
🌿Chloroplast

Captures light energy and uses it to produce glucose via photosynthesis.

Found in: Plant cells only
📦Golgi Apparatus

Packages, modifies, and ships proteins and lipids to their destinations.

Found in: Both plant and animal cells
🌐Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough ER folds proteins; smooth ER synthesizes lipids and detoxifies.

Found in: Both plant and animal cells
💧Vacuole

Stores water, nutrients, and waste. Large central vacuole gives plants rigidity.

Found in: Large in plants; small in animals

Scientific Method Steps

1

Observation

Notice something interesting in the natural world. Gather background information through research and prior knowledge.

2

Question

Formulate a clear, focused question about what you observed. A good question is specific and answerable by investigation.

3

Hypothesis

Propose a testable, falsifiable explanation or prediction. Often phrased as 'If [cause], then [effect].'

4

Experiment

Design a controlled experiment to test the hypothesis. Identify independent, dependent, and controlled variables.

5

Analysis

Examine the collected data using statistics and graphs. Look for patterns, trends, and whether results support or refute the hypothesis.

6

Conclusion

State whether the hypothesis was supported or rejected. Share results through peer-reviewed publication so others can replicate and verify.

Remember: The scientific method is iterative, not strictly linear. A conclusion that raises new questions loops back to step 1 — that is how science advances.

Science Study Tips

Understand, don't memorize

Science builds on itself. If you understand WHY F = ma works, you won't need to re-memorize it before every test.

Draw diagrams

Sketching the water cycle, cell structure, or a circuit forces your brain to actively recall and connect concepts — far better than re-reading notes.

Connect to everyday life

Boiling water? Thermodynamics. Rusting car? Oxidation. Rainbows? Optics. Grounding abstract concepts in real examples makes them stick.

Master the units

Physics and chemistry problems become much easier when you track units (dimensional analysis). If your units don't cancel correctly, your method is wrong.

Practice with past papers

Standardized science tests (SAT, ACT, AP, MCAT) recycle similar problem types. Past papers reveal the patterns and calibrate your timing.

Teach what you learn

Explaining a concept to someone else — even to yourself out loud — is the fastest way to identify the gaps in your understanding.

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